Patent US10144532B2 — Craft Using an Inertial Mass Reduction Device (US Navy / Salvatore Pais)
Bibliographic Information
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Patent Number | US10144532B2 |
| Title | Craft Using an Inertial Mass Reduction Device |
| Inventor | Salvatore Cezar Pais |
| Assignee | United States Department of the Navy |
| Filing Date | April 28, 2016 |
| Publication Date | December 4, 2018 |
| Status | Expired — Fee Related (adjusted expiration September 28, 2036) |
| Classification | B64G1/409 — Unconventional spacecraft propulsion systems; B64G1/00; B64G1/22; B64G1/40 |
| Jurisdiction | United States (US) |
Abstract
A craft using an inertial mass reduction device comprises of an inner resonant cavity wall, an outer resonant cavity, and microwave emitters. The electrically charged outer resonant cavity wall and the electrically insulated inner resonant cavity wall form a resonant cavity. The microwave emitters create high frequency electromagnetic waves throughout the resonant cavity causing the resonant cavity to vibrate in an accelerated mode and create a local polarized vacuum outside the outer resonant cavity wall.
Claims (4 Total)
Claim 1: A craft using an inertial mass reduction device comprising: an inner resonant cavity wall; an outer resonant cavity wall, the inner resonant cavity wall and the outer resonant cavity wall forming a resonant cavity; and, microwave emitters such that the microwave emitters create high frequency electromagnetic waves throughout the resonant cavity causing the outer resonant cavity wall to vibrate in an accelerated mode and create a local polarized vacuum outside the outer resonant cavity wall.
Claim 2: The craft of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity is filled with a noble gas.
Claim 3: The craft of claim 1, wherein the outer resonant cavity wall is electrically charged.
Claim 4: The craft of claim 1, wherein the resonant cavity is axially rotated in an accelerated mode.
Description / Specification
Background
The patent establishes that electromagnetic force can "manipulate the other three" fundamental forces (strong nuclear, weak nuclear, gravitational). Moving charges generate electromagnetic fields, and "accelerating charge induces electromagnetic radiation in the form of transverse waves, namely light."
Vacuum energy is described as "an aggregate/collective state, comprised of the superposition of all quantum fields' fluctuations permeating the entire fabric of spacetime." High-energy electromagnetic interactions can produce phenomena including field unification through vibrational energy transfer between quantum fields.
The core theoretical mechanism: inertial mass reduction via "manipulation of quantum field fluctuations in the local vacuum energy state." By "polarizing the vacuum in the close proximity of the moving craft," resistance to acceleration decreases, enabling extreme velocities.
Quantum Vacuum Plasma (QVP)
The patent references the quantum vacuum as "the electric glue of our plasma universe," confirmed through three established experimental phenomena:
- Casimir Effect — measured attractive force between uncharged parallel conducting plates due to ZPF boundary conditions
- Lamb Shift — measured energy difference between hydrogen 2s₁/₂ and 2p₁/₂ states due to quantum vacuum fluctuations
- Spontaneous Emission — atomic transition rates determined by coupling to quantum vacuum modes
Vacuum Polarization Mechanism
Vacuum polarization is achieved through coupled high-frequency vibration and axial rotation of electrically charged systems. "Spontaneous electron-positron pair production out of the vacuum is a strong indicator" of achieved polarization.
Energy Flux Calculation: Maximum Poynting Vector
The maximum intensity of the electromagnetic field generated by the vibrating charged resonant cavity:
S_max = f_G(σ²/ε₀)[R_r ω + R_v v + v_R]
Where:
- f_G = geometric shape factor
- σ = surface charge density (C/m²)
- ε₀ = electrical permittivity (F/m)
- R_r = rotation radius (m)
- ω = angular frequency (rad/s)
- R_v = vibration amplitude (m)
- v = vibration frequency (Hz)
- v_R = curvilinear translation speed (m/s)
Pair Production Rate
The rate of electron-positron pair production from the vacuum:
2γ(dm/dt)_pp c² = S_max × A_S
This indicates that pair production rate increases with energy flux S_max, directly correlating to vacuum polarization level. The subscript "pp" denotes pair production; γ is the Lorentz factor; A_S is the surface area.
Vacuum Boundary Condition
At the craft proximity where the artificial electromagnetic field energy density equals the polarized vacuum energy density:
(S_max/c) = [(h v_v⁴) / (8π²c³)]
This yields quantum fluctuation frequencies on the order of 10²² Hz, matching Dirac virtual pair production gamma-ray frequencies (10¹⁹ Hz and above).
Craft Structure
Primary Components:
- Outer resonant cavity wall (electrically charged) — the active element generating the polarized vacuum
- Inner resonant cavity wall (electrically insulated) — defines the inner boundary of the cavity; crew compartments, power systems, and cargo bays are inside this inner wall
- Resonant cavity (fills gap between walls) — may be filled with noble gas (Claim 2) to enhance field coupling
- Microwave emitters (300 MHz to 300 GHz range) — energize the resonant cavity
Q-Factor: Describes microwave energy coupling efficiency as energy stored / energy lost ratio:
- Aluminum or copper cavity: Q ~ 10⁴ to 10⁶
- Superconducting cavity (YBCO or Niobium): Q ~ 10⁷ to 10⁹
Faraday Cage Interior: Internal spaces are "guarded in a Faraday-type cage, against all EM radiation effects," protecting occupants from the extreme fields in the resonant cavity.
Frustum Design: A rotatable conical leading edge may be incorporated for aerodynamic optimization.
Operational Mechanism
The microwave emitters create electromagnetic waves causing the outer cavity wall to vibrate in accelerated mode. This generates "a local polarized vacuum outside the outer resonant cavity wall," reducing the craft's inertial resistance.
For directional movement: "different sections of the resonant cavity shroud are vibrated" to achieve motion in desired directions. Upward movement results from vibrating the top portion of the shroud.
Prigogine Effect Application
The patent invokes Prigogine's nonequilibrium thermodynamics: a chaotic system self-organizes when subjected to three conditions simultaneously:
- Nonlinearity (satisfied by the cavity field dynamics)
- Abrupt far-from-equilibrium excursion (satisfied by the extreme field intensity)
- Energy flux (satisfied by the Poynting vector S_max)
The high-frequency electromagnetic fields in the resonant cavity satisfy all three conditions, driving self-organization of the quantum vacuum into a polarized state.
Gertsenshtein Effect
"Production of high frequency gravitational waves by high frequency electromagnetic radiation, in this manner modifying the gravitational fields in close proximity to the craft, resulting in its propulsion." The Gertsenshtein (1962) mechanism describes electromagnetic-gravitational wave conversion; at sufficient field intensity, this produces measurable gravitational effects.
Hybrid Aerospace/Undersea Craft (HAUC)
The craft is envisioned as a Hybrid Aerospace/Undersea Craft (HAUC): capable of operating in air, space, and water mediums, "enclosed in a vacuum plasma bubble/sheath, due to the coupled effects of EM field-induced air/water particles repulsion and vacuum energy polarization." This directly addresses the observed UAP capability of transmedium travel.
Gyroscopic Weight Reduction
Based on Hayasaka and Takeuchi observations (1989), the gyroscopic weight reduction model for vibrational systems:
ΔW_R(v) = −f_ep M A_v v kg m s⁻²
Where:
- f_ep = electron-positron pair production factor
- M = craft mass
- A_v = vibration amplitude
- v = vibration frequency
This represents the mass reduction effect per unit vibration frequency.
AATIP Five Observables Coverage
The inertial mass reduction mechanism addresses all five UAP observables documented by the Navy's Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP):
- Instantaneous acceleration — mass reduction eliminates inertial resistance
- Hypersonic velocity without thermal signatures — no atmospheric compression heating in mass-reduced state
- Low observability — resonant cavity generates plasma sheath absorbing radar
- Transmedium travel — mass reduction applies equally in air, water, and vacuum
- Positive lift without aerodynamic surfaces — local vacuum polarization provides lift independently of aerodynamic geometry
Technical Classifications
- B64G1/409 — Cosmonautic vehicles: unconventional spacecraft propulsion systems
- B64G1/00 — Cosmonautic vehicles (general)
- B64G1/22 — Parts or equipment adapted for cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/40 — Propulsion system arrangements
Navy Institutional Context
The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD) at Patuxent River, Maryland — the same organization that investigated the Nimitz/Tic-Tac encounter of 2004 — filed and received this patent. During patent examination, the USPTO examiner initially rejected the patent citing impossibility; NAWCAD's chief technology officer James Sheehy intervened in writing, stating the technology was feasible and that China was pursuing similar programs. This internal Navy advocacy for a patent on unconventional physics, by the organization with direct knowledge of UAP encounters, is among the strongest circumstantial indicators that the Pais patents describe back-engineered or observed technology rather than purely speculative concepts.
Prior Art References
- Froning, H. David — "Quantum Vacuum Engineering for Power and Propulsion from the Perspective of a Simple Two-Dimensional Model" (2009)
- Hayasaka, Hideo and Takeuchi, Sakae — "Anomalous Weight Reduction on a Gyroscopes' Right Rotations around the Vertical Axis on the Earth" (1989)
- Pais, Salvatore Cezar — "Conditional Possibility of Superluminal Spacecraft Propulsion Based on the Application of the Theories of Advanced Electromagnetism" (2015)
- Puthoff, H.E. — "Polarizable-Vacuum Approach to General Relativity" (2002)
- Prigogine, Ilya — "Time, Structure and Fluctuations" (Nobel Lecture, 1977)
System Integration with US10135366B2 (Track_21)
US10144532B2 is the craft-level patent; US10135366B2 (Track_21) is the field-generation device that feeds the resonant cavity. Together:
- US10135366B2 — generates the extreme high-frequency EM field via the vibrating charged piezoelectric shell
- US10144532B2 (this patent) — routes the EM field into the resonant cavity structure to polarize the vacuum and achieve mass reduction
Citations
- Google Patents: US10144532B2
- Aharonov, Y. and Bohm, D. (1959) — Phys. Rev. 115(3):485
- Casimir, H.B.G. (1948) — Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. 51:793
- Haisch, B., Rueda, A., and Puthoff, H.E. (1994) — Phys. Rev. A 49(2):678–694 (ZPF-inertia)
- Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division (NAWCAD), Patuxent River, MD
Patent text compiled from Google Patents. Full original at the above URL.