Patent US10135366B2 — Electromagnetic Field Generator (Piezoelectric Ferroelectric Shell) — US Navy / Salvatore Pais
Bibliographic Information
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Patent Number | US10135366B2 |
| Title | Electromagnetic Field Generator and Method to Generate an Electromagnetic Field |
| Inventor | Salvatore Cezar Pais |
| Assignee | United States Department of the Navy |
| Filing Date | July 24, 2015 |
| Publication Date | November 20, 2018 |
| Status | Expired — Fee Related (adjusted expiration August 15, 2037) |
| Classification | H02N11/002 — Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere |
| Jurisdiction | United States (US) |
Abstract
The electromagnetic field generator includes a shell, an electrostatic generator, a power plant, a thermoelectric generator, and an electric motor. The shell has embedded polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramic material which is polarized such that the ceramic material exhibits strong Piezoelectric Effect properties thus inducing high frequency vibrations. The shell may be further doped with radioactive elements which under high frequency vibrations induce gamma ray emission. The electrostatic generator is for charging up the shell and is disposed within the shell. The power plant is to generate thermal power, and is disposed within the sphere. The thermoelectric generator is to convert the thermal power generated by the power plant to electrical energy. The electric motor powered by the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric generator, and supplies input voltage such that the shell spins at high angular speeds, vibrates at high frequencies, and generates an electromagnetic field.
Claims (12 Total)
Claim 1: An apparatus for generating an electromagnetic field comprising: a shell with embedded polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramic material polarized to exhibit strong piezoelectric effect properties, wherein the ceramic material induces high-frequency vibrations in the shell; an electrostatic generator disposed within the shell for charging the shell; a power plant disposed within the shell for generating thermal power; a thermoelectric generator for converting the thermal power generated by the power plant to electrical energy; and an electric motor powered by the electrical energy generated by the thermoelectric generator, the electric motor supplying input voltage such that the shell spins at high angular speeds and vibrates at high frequencies to generate an electromagnetic field.
Claim 2: The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the shell is spherical.
Claim 3: The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the electrostatic generator is disposed concentrically within the spherical shell.
Claim 4: The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the power plant is disposed at the center of the spherical shell.
Claim 5: The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the shell further comprises radioactive elements embedded therein which under high frequency vibrations induce gamma ray emission.
Claim 6: The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the shell is hemispherical.
Claim 7: The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the shell further includes a spike protrusion.
Claim 8: The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the electrostatic generator and power plant are disposed within the hemispherical shell.
Claim 9: The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the shell is disc-shaped.
Claim 10: The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the shell further includes a protrusion.
Claim 11: The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the electrostatic generator and power plant are disposed within the disc shell.
Claim 12: A method for generating an electromagnetic field comprising: charging a shell having embedded polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramic material polarized to exhibit strong piezoelectric effect properties; generating thermal power using a power plant disposed within the shell; converting the thermal power to electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator; and powering an electric motor with the electrical energy to spin the shell at high angular speeds and vibrate the shell at high frequencies to generate an electromagnetic field.
Description / Specification
Structural Description
The patent shows three geometric configurations:
Figure 1 (Spherical — primary): Cross-section showing a spherical shell with layered internal components:
- PZT-type polycrystalline ferroelectric ceramic shell (outermost)
- Epoxy-ceramic composite embedded in aluminum matrix structural layer
- Electrostatic generator (Pelletron-type, modified Van de Graaff) — concentrically disposed within the shell
- Power plant (unspecified thermally — deliberately kept vague, consistent with compact fission or fusion source)
- Thermoelectric generator (Seebeck-effect converter)
- Electric motor (drives the shell's rotation and vibration via coupling)
Figure 2 (Hemispherical): Same functional components in hemispherical geometry with spike protrusion — for sea-based applications.
Figure 3 (Disc): Disc configuration with protrusion — for terrestrial and aerospace applications.
Physics Mechanism: High-Q Piezoelectric Resonance at High Electrostatic Charge
The piezoelectric ferroelectric ceramic shell (lead zirconate titanate, PZT, or similar PLZT composition) converts electrical input to mechanical strain and vice versa. When driven at mechanical resonance frequencies (kilohertz to megahertz range, depending on shell geometry and material properties), the shell develops very large surface mechanical oscillation amplitudes relative to the input power — a quality factor (Q) enhancement.
At the same time, the electrostatic generator charges the shell to high electrostatic potential (up to 30 megavolts, per the patent specification).
The combination of high-Q mechanical vibration at high electrostatic surface charge produces, according to Pais's claim, electromagnetic field strengths far exceeding what conventional antenna or magnetic systems can generate at comparable power levels. The maximum field intensity claimed: up to 10²⁴ W/m².
Shell Materials and Operating Parameters
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Shell material (ceramic) | Lead zirconate titanate (PZT), PLZT variants |
| Shell material (structural) | Epoxy-ceramic composite in aluminum matrix |
| Reinforcement | Graphene, carbon nanotubes, or carbon-reinforced graphite epoxy |
| Radioactive dopant (optional) | Cobalt-57 (Co-57), Iron-57 (Fe-57) — for Mössbauer Effect gamma emission |
| Internal pressurization | ~20 bar with sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) or nitrogen/CO₂ mixtures |
| Maximum voltage capacity | Up to 30 megavolts (electrostatic generator) |
| Power generation capacity | 1–10 megawatts (thermoelectric from power plant) |
| Maximum field intensity | ~10²⁴ W/m² (theoretical claim) |
Electrostatic Generator: Pelletron-Type
The electrostatic generator is of Pelletron type (modified Van de Graaff accelerator), producing high voltage by mechanically transporting charge on a chain belt. This charges the shell exterior to the specified high potential. The choice of Pelletron design (rather than Wimshurst or other types) provides stable, controllable high-voltage output compatible with the precision phase relationships required between charging and mechanical resonance.
Power Plant: Nuclear Pebble Bed Reactor
The power plant is stated to use "nuclear pebble bed reactor using uranium pellets" in the specification (while deliberately vague about specifics). This is a compact fission reactor design using spherical fuel pebbles in a graphite moderator matrix, capable of 1–10 MW thermal output in a compact volume suitable for the described shell geometry. The nuclear power plant converts nuclear energy to thermal energy; the thermoelectric generator converts thermal to electrical energy; the electric motor uses the electrical energy to drive shell rotation and vibration.
Piezonuclear Effects: Radioactive Doping Claim
The optional radioactive doping provision — adding Co-57 or Fe-57 to the PZT ceramic — invokes the Mössbauer Effect: gamma ray resonance absorption/emission in certain isotopes is extremely sensitive to the mechanical state of the lattice. High-frequency mechanical vibration of a radioactive-doped crystal lattice could in principle modify nuclear transition rates. This is the "piezonuclear effects" thesis, claimed in controversial Italian physics experiments (Cardone et al., 2009–2012). If real, the additional gamma-ray emission would provide a high-energy electromagnetic source collocated with the vibrating shell, potentially augmenting the "Pais Effect."
Physics Framework: Quantum Vacuum Plasma Interaction
The patent references:
- Casimir Effect — experimental confirmation that ZPF energy density differences between spatial regions are physically real and measurable
- Lamb Shift — ZPF contribution to hydrogen energy levels (experimentally confirmed)
- Mössbauer Effect — gamma ray resonance sensitive to mechanical lattice state
- "Force and Matter Fields Unification" through simultaneous high-frequency rotation and vibration of electrically charged systems
System Integration with US10144532B2 (Track_20)
US10135366B2 (this patent) is the power and field-generation source for the US10144532B2 mass-reduction craft resonant cavity. The integrated system:
[Nuclear Pebble Bed Reactor (Power Plant)]
↓ (thermal energy)
[Thermoelectric Generator]
↓ (electrical energy)
[Electric Motor]
↓ (drives rotation and vibration)
[Spinning PZT Shell] ← [Pelletron Electrostatic Generator]
↓ (high-frequency, high-intensity EM field)
[Resonant Cavity — US10144532B2]
↓ (polarized vacuum outside outer cavity wall)
[Inertial Mass Reduction → Propulsion]
Stated Applications (Three Deployment Variants)
- Space-based (spherical): Asteroid deflection — generating deflection speeds of ~1 m/s compared to 0.001 m/s with kinetic impactors (three-order-of-magnitude improvement per patent calculations)
- Sea-based (hemispherical): Hemispherical configuration with spike protrusion for underwater or surface deployment
- Terrestrial (disc): Disc configuration with protrusion for ground-based or aerospace applications
Technical Classifications
- H02N11/002 — Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere (perpetual motion and unconventional energy concepts)
Prior Art References
- Brady, D.A. et al. (2014) — "Anomalous Thrust Production from an RF Test Device Measured on a Low-Thrust Torsion Pendulum" (EmDrive thrust anomaly, NASA/AIAA paper)
- Pais, Salvatore Cezar — "The High Energy Electromagnetic Field Generator," International Journal of Space Science and Engineering (2015) — inventor's own peer-reviewed publication
- Cardone, F. et al. (2009–2012) — piezonuclear effects experimental claims (Italian physics, controversial)
Lineage of US Military ZPF Patents
This patent is the intermediate link in a 20-year lineage of US military ZPF energy patents:
| Patent | Year | Branch | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5590031A (Track_28) | 1996 | US Air Force (Edwards AFB) | Direct ZPF extraction via resonant dielectric spheres |
| US10135366B2 (this) | 2015 | US Navy (NAWCAD) | Vibrating piezoelectric shell generating extreme EM fields |
| US10144532B2 (Track_20) | 2016 | US Navy (NAWCAD) | Vacuum polarization via resonant cavity → mass reduction |
Citations
- Google Patents: US10135366B2
- US10144532B2 — companion mass reduction craft patent (Track_20)
Patent text compiled from Google Patents. Full original at the above URL.