Track 35: Ball-Magnet DC Homopolar Rotor with Subordinate Cylinder Array — Orb-Class UAP Propulsion Hypothesis
Track Classification: Candidate propulsion topology for small (sub-meter to ~1 m) luminous orb-class UAPs Source Post: @RedCollie1, 2026-05-19 Originating Hypothesis: Dr. Horace Drew (Caltech, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge) — public handle Red Collie / @RedCollie1 Physical Specimens Cited: Two recovered orb-spheres reportedly under study in Mexico Engagement Metrics (at time of capture): 16 likes, 4 reposts, 3 bookmarks, 667 impressions Note: This is a research-direction track for the Physics_Math workspace. Content is PhD-level investigative documentation, not endorsement of the recovery claim.
Image Evidence
Three images attached to the source X post by Dr. Horace Drew (@RedCollie1), 2026-05-19. The images show what are described as two physical UFO orb-spheres reportedly recovered for study in Mexico, together with the proposed mechanical/electromagnetic schematic.
Video Evidence
Companion video (1:40, 1152×720) from the same post, referenced by the author as part of an evidence series demonstrating "other videos on this page" indicating apparent violation of Newton's Third Law (action–reaction symmetry).
Source Post Text (Verbatim, @RedCollie1)
Now they have two UFO orb-spheres for study in Mexico! I suspect that both orbs fly by means of a large ball magnet, that spins like a DC homopolar motor, but do not have the necessary materials here to test that plausible hypothesis.
We can get a big ball magnet, but do not have the materials needed to make moving electrical connections between that "big ball" and four outer electrodes. I tried liquid-metal galinstan, but it doesn't work.
The Nazi may have worked on such a system in WW2, something akin to the ancient "vimanas" run by liquid mercury. The broad spin of a homopolar motor is akin to a "precession" of electrical current, that may perhaps turn upward when the spin rate gets fast enough. And it does not follow Newton's Third Law of action-reaction, as shown in other videos on this page.
— Dr. Horace Drew (@RedCollie1), X / Twitter, 2026-05-19
Track 35 Research Direction
This directory exists to investigate the propulsion topology suggested by the images in the post above. The geometry observed in the recovered specimens (per the author's description) has two distinct mechanical elements, vertically stacked:
- An upper sphere — claimed to be (or to contain) a large permanent ball magnet, possibly rotating about its own axis.
- A subordinate array of four-to-five cylinders — mounted below the sphere, oriented with their long axes pointing upward toward the sphere (and therefore toward the sky when the craft is in level flight).
The track investigates whether this geometry is consistent with a homopolar-motor-driven lift mechanism, and what the underlying physics would have to be for such a topology to produce net upward force without expelling reaction mass.
Observed (Hypothesized) Geometric Features
The orb geometry, as described by the author and visible in the attached images, includes:
- Upper sphere (ball-magnet candidate) — the dominant mass element of the craft. If this is a uniformly magnetized sphere, its external field is exactly that of a centered magnetic dipole m, with magnitude |m| = (4/3)πR³M for a sphere of radius R and uniform magnetization M.
- A downward-pointing fixture / protrusion from the sphere — described by the user as "a metal device that comes down" from the sphere. This may be a flux-concentrator pole-piece, a high-permeability ferromagnetic boot, or a brush/slip-ring assembly intended to direct or extract a current path from the spinning ball.
- Four-to-five cylinders subordinate to the sphere, axes vertical, open ends upward — geometrically reminiscent of an array of solenoidal coils, ferrite-cored pole-pieces, or short waveguide sections, arrayed circumferentially below the sphere.
- An apparent flux/field expansion below the cylinder array — the field lines (or beam, plume, or polarized region) appear to widen below the cylinders, suggesting the cylinders function not as collimators of the downward field but as a "funnel" or impedance match that narrows the field inside the array and lets it diverge below it.
Working Hypothesis (To Be Tested)
The author proposes a DC homopolar motor topology, with the upper ball magnet acting both as the rotor and as the source of the axial B-field. The classical Faraday homopolar disk produces a radial EMF:
ε = ∫₀^R (ω × r) · (B × dr) = (1/2) ω B_z R²
across a rotating conductive disk of radius R in an axial field B_z spinning at angular frequency ω. For a spherical rotor that is itself the magnet, the geometry is more subtle: the rotating magnetized sphere carries no Lorentz-frame paradox classically (the field of a uniformly magnetized sphere is invariant under rotation about its magnetization axis), but circuits closed through the sphere via sliding contacts and an external return path do carry a homopolar EMF if the closure circuit cuts effective field lines.
For the four-electrode topology described, the closure path is:
ball magnet (rotor) → sliding contact at the "downward device" → return wires to four external electrodes (the cylinders?) → back through the ambient closure to the ball.
The author's working claim is that when the spin rate Ω is "fast enough," the resulting current distribution exhibits an effective "precession" of the current vector that turns the net force upward, producing lift without an equal and opposite expulsion of mass — i.e., an apparent violation of Newton's third law as conventionally formulated.
Why the Liquid-Metal Brush Problem Is Load-Bearing
The author explicitly states the bottleneck: a working homopolar machine of this scale requires a sliding electrical contact between the rotating magnet and four stationary electrodes. The conventional choices are:
| Contact medium | Failure mode at this scale |
|---|---|
| Solid carbon / graphite brushes | High wear, arcing at the current densities required, frictional drag |
| Liquid metal — mercury (Hg) | Classical solution; toxicity, vapor pressure, modern regulatory issues |
| Liquid metal — gallium-indium-tin eutectic (galinstan) | Author's own tried-and-failed attempt; surface oxide layer (Ga₂O₃) destroys conductivity unless the surface is mechanically broken continuously and the system is kept under inert atmosphere |
| Liquid metal — NaK (sodium-potassium eutectic) | Conductivity adequate; pyrophoric and water-reactive |
| Plasma / arc contact | Plausible at very high current densities but introduces ohmic heating and EM noise |
The Nazi-program / "vimana" liquid-mercury parallel is invoked here precisely because mercury at room temperature solves the sliding-contact problem (low vapor at modest temperatures, high density, high electrical conductivity 1.04 × 10⁶ S/m, immiscibility with most candidate electrode metals).
The Cylinder Array — Candidate Functions
The four-to-five upward-pointing cylinders below the sphere are the most distinctive feature and the least obvious to interpret. Plausible roles, in order of decreasing classical conservatism:
- Stationary electrode terminals — they are the "four outer electrodes" referenced in the post. The sliding-contact assembly closes the homopolar circuit through them and back to the ball.
- Magnetic flux concentrators / pole-pieces — high-μ ferromagnetic cylinders that shape the dipole field of the ball into a directed flux tube along the craft's vertical axis, increasing the effective B_z at the lower hemisphere by an order of magnitude.
- Solenoidal coils — adding a controlled axial field that either adds to or subtracts from the ball's intrinsic dipole field, providing thrust modulation by tuning the net B-field on the asymmetry plane.
- Resonant cavities — short, open-ended cylindrical cavities supporting TM₀₁₀-like modes whose resonant frequency is f₀ ≈ 2.405 c / (2π R) for a cavity of radius R; if driven by the homopolar EMF, they could act as RF radiators or vacuum-polarization elements analogous to the Pais resonant-cavity claim documented in Track 20.
- Anisotropic vacuum-coupling elements — the speculative case: the cylinders act as polarization filters on the local zero-point field, breaking ZPF isotropy below the craft and producing a Haisch–Rueda–Puthoff-style net inertial-mass asymmetry (lift via reduced effective gravitational mass on one side of the craft).
The Track 35 program treats hypotheses 1–3 as the testable, classically describable cases and hypotheses 4–5 as the speculative extensions that connect this topology to the Pais-effect and ZPF-inertia frameworks tracked elsewhere in Physics_Math.
Why the Field Appears to "Expand Out" Below the Cylinders
A key observation in the proposed schematic is that the field/flux/plume narrows as it passes downward through the cylinder array and then expands beneath it. Two mechanisms are consistent with this geometry:
- Magnetic-circuit interpretation — the cylinders are high-permeability pole-pieces that funnel the field lines from the sphere into a narrow flux tube co-axial with the array. Below the array, the field is no longer confined by the high-μ material and expands into free-space dipole-like geometry. The resulting field gradient ∂B/∂z is large in magnitude and points downward, and any diamagnetic, paramagnetic, or current-carrying medium below experiences a force F = (μ_eff/μ₀) ∇(B²/2μ₀) per unit volume.
- Plasma/Lorentz-force interpretation — the cylinders carry axial current; their combined azimuthal B-field forms a magnetic mirror; charged particles (a plasma drawn from the ambient atmosphere, or one generated at the cylinder mouths) are accelerated downward through the constriction, then diverge below the mirror in a quasi-MHD plume. Visible asymmetric lift would then be conventional MHD thrust, not new physics.
"Newton's Third Law Violation" — How to Treat the Claim
Track 35 does not assume the author's no-reaction claim is correct. Two stances are kept open:
- Conservative (default): Any apparent violation of action–reaction is an artifact of an unmeasured reaction reservoir. Candidates include ionized atmospheric plasma exhausted into the surrounding air, induced eddy currents in the ground plane, electromagnetic radiation carrying momentum at flux density S/c (Poynting-vector recoil), and angular-momentum transfer from the rotating ball to the surrounding air. Any of these can sum to an apparently massless reaction.
- Non-conservative (open): The system couples to the zero-point electromagnetic field as in the Haisch–Rueda–Puthoff framework; the effective inertial mass of the craft along the thrust axis is reduced; the conventional third-law bookkeeping fails because the reaction is carried by the polarized vacuum rather than by ponderable matter.
The track exists to find experiments and calculations that distinguish these two cases.
Historical and Speculative Antecedents Invoked by the Author
The author connects this topology to three prior threads:
| Antecedent | Mechanism alleged | Documentation status |
|---|---|---|
| Ancient Indian vimana texts | Liquid-mercury-driven craft | Primarily Sanskrit literary; no extant artifact |
| WW2 German programs (alleged) | Rotating-mercury / electromagnetic lift devices ("Die Glocke" / Bell, Schauberger repulsine, Schriever-Habermohl disc) | Heavily contested; no surviving prototype publicly confirmed |
| Mexican orb specimens (2026) | Two recovered ball-and-cylinder orbs reportedly under physical study | Author's claim; chain of custody and provenance not independently verified at time of capture |
These antecedents are documented for completeness; the track does not require any of them to be authentic for the propulsion topology to be a worthwhile subject of physical modeling and bench experiment.
Track 35 — Open Questions
- What is the closed-form expression for the lift force on a rotating uniformly-magnetized sphere with N stationary cylindrical pole-pieces arrayed below it, with the homopolar EMF closing through those pole-pieces?
- Is there a regime in which the net force on the closed system (sphere + cylinders + brushes + return path) is non-zero in the lab frame after all electromagnetic and mechanical reactions are accounted for? Under classical electrodynamics, the answer is no. Under what extensions (anisotropic ZPF, asymmetric capacitor / Biefeld–Brown, Mach-effect transient mass fluctuations) does the answer change?
- What sliding-contact medium can carry the required current density between a rotating ferromagnetic sphere and four stationary electrodes at angular velocities of order 10²–10⁴ rad/s? The galinstan failure mode (Ga₂O₃ skin) is documented; what about Wood's metal, NaK under argon, or a brush-and-spring mercury–wetted contact?
- What is the predicted radiation spectrum from the cylinder array under the resonant-cavity interpretation, and is anything in the visible/IR/RF anomalies reported around orb sightings consistent with TM₀₁₀-like emission at the predicted frequencies for the observed cylinder lengths?
- What independent verification exists of the two Mexican orb specimens cited in the source post? (Provenance, chain of custody, photographic series, X-ray / CT scans, mass and magnetic-moment measurements.) None of this is established in the source post; locating any independent corroboration is a Day-1 task for this track.
Connections to Other Tracks
- Track 20 — Pais inertial-mass-reduction patent (resonant-cavity / ZPF-polarization mechanism). Connects to Track 35 if the cylinder array is interpreted as a resonant-cavity element rather than a pole-piece array.
- Earlier Tracks (TBD) — Any track addressing homopolar-motor anomalies, rotating-magnet experiments (Faraday's paradox, the "rotating magnet electromagnetic" controversy), and Schauberger/Bell-style WW2 device claims should be cross-linked here as Track 35 develops.
Sources
- Source X post — @RedCollie1, 2026-05-19
- Author bio (X profile): "Red Collie (Dr. Horace Drew) scientist/inventor — The REAL Dr. Horace Drew or Red Collie. Caltech, MRC LMB Cambridge. DNA, crop pictures, E.T. codes, UFOs. 'Disclose---Evolve'"
- Companion media: 3 still images + 1 video (1152×720, 1:40 duration) — local copies in
images/andvideos/ - For homopolar-motor theory: Jackson, J.D., Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd ed., §5.15 (Faraday disk and the rotating-magnet paradox)
- For the ZPF-inertia extension: Haisch, Rueda, Puthoff, Phys. Rev. A 49 (1994) 678–694 — see Track 20 for the full treatment
- For liquid-metal sliding contacts: standard references on Hg-wetted relays; galinstan oxide-skin literature (Ga₂O₃ surface chemistry on eutectic Ga–In–Sn)
Track 35 is a research-direction track in the Physics_Math local workspace. Content is investigative documentation at PhD level. Inclusion of an author's claim is not endorsement; counter-mechanisms (MHD thrust, asymmetric atmospheric reaction, angular-momentum exhaust to the surrounding air) are kept open alongside the speculative ZPF / Mach-effect extensions.